Survey of Synthesis Processes for N-Doped Carbon Dots Assessed by Green Chemistry and Circular and EcoScale Metrics

Six of the most promising lab-scale synthesis process methodologies for N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) are selected and compared in terms green chemistry circular EcoScale/Good-Manufacturing-Practice metrics. We compare a new innovative route, low-temperature plasma-enabled dots, e.g., from citric acid monoethanolamine, to more-established literature processes, such as thermochemical same or other materials. Along with this study, advantages disadvantages each method depicted manifold sustainability facets. It is shown how recycling/reuse nonconverted starting materials solvents can improve profile. In addition, safety constraints, cost analysis, energy consumption considered. The analysis showed that thermal monoethanolamine gives best performance regard assessment chosen here. has material circularity indicator 0.971, an EcoScale factor 56% E-factor 5.56. continuation those results, paper shows plasma using recycling strategy be improved come closer its counterpart. efficiency, while lacking so far mass efficiency. From we learned more about which these methods scaling-up industrial manufacturing dots.